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Mihail I. Gasik, in Handbook of Ferroalloys, 2013 8.2.3 Chromium Ores and Chromites Processing. Chromite ores, as might many others, be mined by open-pit and underground methods. The share of underground mining varies between countries and deposits. The extracted ore is subjected to crushing and sorting (normally rich ore containing more than 45% Cr 2 O 3 …
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Silica sand is the basic material. The other sands are zircon, magnesite and chromite sand. Material Maximum packing density Heat conductivity Specific heat Thermal expansion g / cm3 W / m.K J / kg.°K % Silica sand 1,60 0,255 (0,71) 1130 1,50 Chromite sand 2,80 0,215 (0,58) 1214 0,26 Zircon sand 3,00 0,305 1424 0,01 Magnesite sand 2,80 1047 ...
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Hevi-Sand ® Chromite Sand is a versatile, unique aggregate, unlike ordinary chromite sands. Hevi-Sand is the only chromite brand that offers your business full life-cycle support, starting with our mine and ending in your mold. …
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Silica Sand undergoes an alpha-beta phase transformation at approx 350oC – 650oC. This corresponds to the temperature zone that the mould experiences during cooling. This can lead to expansion defects such as veining or cracking …
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Chromite sand is used in the metal casting industry due to its high thermal conductivity providing the chilling effect. Chromite has a low thermal expansion which helps eliminate expansion …
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Hevi-Sand® Chromite Sand is a versatile, unique aggregate, unlike ordinary chromite sands. Hevi-Sand is the only chromite brand that offers your business full life-cycle support, starting with our mine and ending in your mold. …
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Chromite Sand is a naturally occurring spinel consisting primarily of the oxides of chrome and iron. It is a by-product of ferro-chrome production and is mainly used in foundry applications and in glass production. Your contact for: United States.
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Chromite sand is the best sand medium for chilling metal. Chromite sand has the ability to draw heat from the molten metal, allowing the metal to skin over faster and minimizing burn-on. Excessive burn-on will need to be removed before heat treating, but it can also lead to other issues, causing castings to be scrapped. Foundry-grade chromite ...
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Chromite sand is used in the metal casting industry due to its high thermal conductivity providing the chilling effect. Chromite has a low thermal expansion which helps eliminate expansion defects. Chromite sand has a glossy black appearance and has a greater resistance to metal penetration than zircon. It has a higher acid demand than other sands, which means you will …
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Abstract. Thermal conductivity and specific heat of four kinds of dry sand molds, main aggregates of which were silica, olivine, zircon and chromite sands, were measured from room …
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Specific Heat for some common products are given in the table below. See also tabulated values for gases, food and foodstuff, metals and semimetals, common liquids and fluids and common solids, as well as values of molar specific heat for common organic substances and inorganic substances. 1 J/kg Co = 10-3 kJ/kg K = 10-3 J/g Co = 10-6 kJ/g Co ...
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sand has better breaking strength when heat treated at 900ºC and held in the temperature for 16 minutes. Evidently, the air cured samples may have been affected by the air humidity. Key words: Chromite sand, Cores, No-bake, Curing, Strength. 1. Introduction Hevi sand is produced from high grade foundry chromite sand that has been specially
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•Heat transferred to and from sand in counter-current bubbling bed heat exchanger ... specific cost reductions or energy efficiency improvements over a baseline) Primary metrics of interest are levelized cost of storage, capital costs, and AC-to-AC round-trip efficiency (RTE). Costs will be estimated in Phase I, and again in Phase II with ...
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In this study, the specific heat and thermal conductivity of 100-mesh silica sand were tested using the LFA427 laser thermal conductivity tester produced by Netz, the specific heat and thermal conductivity of the moulding sand was tested at 200℃, 400℃, 600℃, and 800℃. The state of the frozen sand mould after being impacted by the high-
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There are some instances where inorganic binders have been employed, usually to attain a highly specific property in the mould, the casting or the removal of the cast. As a general rule of thumb, the concentration of Cr 2 O 7 in …
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Specific gravity: 4.5–4.8: Optical properties: Isotropic: Refractive index: n = 2.08–2.16: Other characteristics: Weakly magnetic: References: Chromite is a crystalline mineral composed primarily of iron(II) oxide and chromium(III) oxide …
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Chromite Emerges as a New-Age Molding Material. Dec. 5, 2011. A one-of-a-kind foundry sand aims to take advantage of geology and burgeoning demand for steel castings. Robert Brooks. SpheriChrome is the brand name for an exceptionally round-grained chromite, available from only one deposit source, in coastal Oregon.
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ing sand with the chromite and magnesite matrices and. ... The Definition of Scanning Calorimetric Method the Specific Heat of The Moulding Sand, Archives of Foundry 6, 22, 57-60 (2006).
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"The high specific gravity and high thermal conductivity of chromite provide a pronounced chilling effect. Chromite sand has a glossy black appearance. Chromite is generally used for steel casting to provide chilling. İt is difficult to reclaim chromite sand since, if it becomes contaminated with silica, its refractoriness is seriously ...
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Chromite mining, chromium, and ferrochome production can toxically effect the environment. Chromite mining is necessary when it comes to the production of economic commodities. As a result of leaching of soils and the explicit …
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Iron & Chromite ChromeCAST® Chromite Sand Prince's ChromeCAST ® is the maximum heat sink of any sand media. Scroll ChromeCAST® is used in cast iron and steel foundries to eliminate casting defects Prince's ChromeCAST® provides excellent chill properties for castings with heavy metal sections as well as castings with intricate details.
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If 10 kg of oak is heated from 20 oC to 50 oC - a temperature difference 30 oC (K), the heat required can be calculated as. q = (2 kJ/kg K) (10 kg) (30 oC) = 600 kJ. If one hour (3600 s) is used to heat the oak - the power required can be calculated with the equation. P = q / t (2)
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The expansion related problem of silica sand is not shared by zircon and chromite sand. ... this volume of silica is calculated. For all the other types of sand, the same 1000 ml container is used to measure specific volume of sand and same amount of binder is used. ... This could have resulted from the excellent heat conductivity of both ...
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Effect of heating temperature on grain surfaces of chromite moulding sand: a) 700 °C, b) 800 °C, c) 950 °C, d) 1200 °C. Visible are linking bridges and residues of binder in surface layer.
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Ceramic foundry sand has already conquered the markets and is considered a direct replacement for chrome and zircon casting grade sands. ... Specific Heat: 873 J/kg: Bulk Density: 1.9-2.2 g/cm3: pH Value: 7.65: Shape: Solid Sphere: Binder Content Required ... (up to around 40 times against 5-10 times for chromite based sands) Environment ...
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Effect of heating temperature on grain surfaces of chromite moulding sand: a) 700 °C, b) 800 °C, c) 950 °C, d) 1200 °C. Visible are linking bridges and residues of binder in surface layer.
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As can be seen from the above XRF results, the seperated chromite sand contains less than 0.5% silica contamination and therefore is perfect for re-use at the mixer. As a general side effect from the casting process, the chromite sand tends to see most of the heat from the molten metal and so is also naturally thermally reclaimed.
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The specific heat capacity was calculated based on three measurements (baseline, sapphire and sample) up to 1100°C using 10°C/min heating rate. ... (2018) Use of dilatometry to evaluate the high temperature characteristics of silica in chromite sand, 73rd World Foundry Congress Proc. Kraków, Poland pp. 447 ...
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•Heat transferred to and from sand in counter-current bubbling bed heat exchanger •Sand stored at temperature in silos to provide large storage capacity and minimize heat losses •Significant …
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The mean values (25-1, 300 0 C ) of specific heat of these molds are 'U.25 CGS unit for silica sand, 0.26 CGS unit for olivine sand, 0.18 CGS unit for zircon sand and 'U.21 CGS unit for chromite sand. With the measured values of thermal conductivity, specific heat and mold density, thermal
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